Environment.

The source of satisfaction of material and spiritual needs of human nature. She represents and its habitat – the environment. In the environment emit natural environment, the natural material bodies and processes, in them flowing; material objects, created by man and the processes and phenomena, human-induced. Therefore, the environment consists of physical and socio - economic components.

Physical components – natural and man-made (created by man as a result of its activities).Natural ingredients – the geographical position of the region, energy resources, climate, water resources, the air, soil, etc. They affect the choice of place and method of production, the appropriateness of the location of production, production and t. p. Technogenic components – synthetic material body, synthetic materials, and products, residential and industrial buildings, clothing, communication and transportation tools, etc.

Man as a component of the environment.

In the system man – environment man is not only the object, but the subject of her, as it has the ability to modify the environment and adapt it to their needs.

Natural physical 3 Anthropogenic fizi-

Wednesday the economic environment

2 1 2

Socio – economic environment

Fig.1.1. 1 People in the structure of the environment

Productive human activity and the planet's resources

Condition for the existence and development of mankind, is the material production, ie. public-practical relationship of man to nature. Variety and the gigantic scale of industrial production result in a significant impact on the environment and cause changes in the atmosphere, hydrosphere and lithosphere.

The atmosphere – natural external gaseous envelope of the Earth.

Hydrosphere – water shell of the Earth.

Lithosphere– solid shell of the Earth, the source of mineral raw materials and fossil fuels, the soil layer.

The most important result of the functioning of the human – environment is the consumption of the planet's resources. Resources are divided into natural and social. Social is the population, the conditions of reproduction, scientific potential. Natural resources are classified according to the following criteria:

Natural resources

ischerpaemy

inexhaustible

Solar energy

Renewable non-renewable the air

Destroy

Dissipated

Rice. 1.1.2 Classification of natural resources.

In the production process newsonline resources are fully destroyed (fossil fuels) or dissipate (metals). The impact of industrial production on the depletion of natural resources of the planet and its effects can be seen in the following examples:

1. Mining on Earth is leading to the rapid depletion of resources newsonline, pollution and changing composition of the atmosphere and lithosphere.

2. The burning fuel causes a chemical release into the atmosphere more 100 thousand. various chemical compounds.

3. Freshwater. Industrial production consumes up to 13% the entire flow of the rivers. This leads to the exhaustion of available reserves of fresh water on the planet. At the same time the consumption increases the discharge of industrial waste into waterways, which leads to intensive pollution of the hydrosphere.

The most important consequence of industrial production was its effect on the natural energy balance and on the environment.

The biosphere and its evolution

The environment is a complex multicomponent system, components which are interconnected with numerous links.

The biosphere called the outer shell of the Earth, the thickness of 50km. An important component of the biosphere – living matter, biogenic substance (organic and organic products, inert matter – rocks). Occurs exhaustion of resources newsonline, reduction of pollution and atmospheric transparency, the increase of temperature in the atmospheric surface layer, pollution of the hydrosphere.

Material production and its organization

In n in. human interaction with the environment is implemented in the form of large-scale material production. Material production is the process of wealth creation. It is the Foundation of all other types of human activity and includes three major components:

1. The objects of labor – all, that is processed, that sent the man's work. They are given by nature and are the products of labor.

2. Tools machine, devices, fixtures, with the help of which a person influences the objects of labor.

3. Live labour conscious purposeful human activity.

The material production process is implemented in the organizational form of the industry.