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Conditions of equilibrium of material Toccata a rigid body in the inertial frame of reference. Types of equilibrium. Simple mechanisms.

Conditions of equilibrium of material Toccata a rigid body in the inertial frame of reference. Types of equilibrium. Simple mechanisms.

From Newton's second law is obtained, if the geometric sum of all external forces, applied to the body, zero, the body is at rest or performs a uniform rectilinear motion. In this case it is accepted to speak, what forces, applied to the body, balance each other. When calculating all the forces runyou, acting on the body, can be applied to the center of mass.

To povertyline the body is in balance, need, so resultant of all forces, applied to the body, zero. Equilibrium of a rigid body under the action of three forces. When calculating rwnode all the forces reduced to one point C.

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The point of intersection O of the lines of action of forces   and   not coincide with the point of application  the force of gravity (the center of mass C), but in equilibrium these points necessarily’are on the same vertical line. When calculating rwnode all power is given to one point.

If the body can rotate about a certain axis, then his balance is not enough equality to zero of all the forces runyou.The effect of the force, torque, depends not only on its size, but also on the distance between the line of action of force and axis of rotation.

The length of the perpendicular, drawn from the axis of rotation to the line of action of force, is called the force arm. The product of the power module  the shoulder d is called the moment of force M. Considered positive the moments of the forces, which tend to rotate the body on  clockwise.

The rule of moments: body, that has a fixed axis of rotation, is in equilibrium, if the sum of the algebra of moments of all applied to the body forces about this axis is zero:

 

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