Reklama

Local religion

Buddhism

Buddhism is the most ancient of world religions. Originated in India in the middle 1 thousand. . n. e. According to the legend, after endless rebirths of the Buddha (Buddha in Sanskrit means “higher enlightened knowledge”) there’came to Earth, to accomplish his mission of salvation and to show mankind the way to salvation. For his last rebirth the Savior chose the image of Prince Siddhartha, who belonged to the noble family of (its generic name’I -- Gautam). This RIA was from the tribe Shaq’ate, that lived 600 — 500 B. e. in the valley of the Ganges, in the middle reaches of its. Siddhartha's Mother, the Governor's wife Maya (or mahā-māyā), once saw in a dream, what in her side became a white elephant. After some time she gave birth to a child, that’vilasa to light in an unusual way (came from the mother). The kid took a few steps and cried the call, who had heard all the gods of the Universe. Childbirth caught Maya in the town of Lum-Bina (at present the territory of Nepal). Seven days after birth she died.

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Learning about the birth of the Royal son, the Palace of the Lord of Shaq’ate visited an old sage Asita. He saw the body of a newborn “traits of greatness”, Asita laughed and cried. “I laugh, - he said, • - joy, the Savior’came to earth, and cry because, what I don't that's lucky enough to live long, to see the accomplishment of his feat”. The newborn was named Sadhar-thou, that means “the, who is doing its job”.

But the Lord of the land didn't want to lose a son., be sure to’would have to be, if the son decided to devote himself to religion. Therefore he surrounded the child with a care and luxury, studiously concealing from him the gloomy side of life. A boy Sdar-tha amazed everyone with their skills, force, agility and mind. Upon reaching adulthood, he married. Wife gave him a son. The life of seven’nd was filled with joy and happiness. Once, driving while walking around the city surrounded by dancing and singing girls chariot, Siddhartha saw the patient covered with sores, a bent frail old man for years, a funeral procession and an ascetic, have plunged in thought. After these four meetings, he looked at the world through different eyes. He learned about the suffering, that fall to the lot of man. That night he quietly left his home, in order to find their own path, which would liberate people from suffering. The way to salvation has been opened on the banks of the river Naranjan in the town Uruvela (now Boo Bodh Gaya) Under the canopy of the tree Suddarth was struck by the truth, and he became the Buddha.

Consider, what is the essence of the opening, made Sadartha the day of the great Epiphany (this is the essence of Buddhism), described by the Buddha in his first sermon. This briefly reveals the doctrine of the four “Holy truth”: “to live means to suffer”, “the cause of suffering is desire”, “for liberation from suffering we must get rid of desires”, “way of getting rid of desires is to follow the teachings of the Buddha”, which can lead the believer to the main goal of his existence — Nirvana. (calm, fading), the state of being completely overcome human feelings, desires, eternal bliss in the life to deity and absolute rest. Although the sufferings are caused primarily by biological factors (death, the disease, birth) and psychological (sadness, despair), however, Buddhism does not ignore the factors of another order. Buddha, for example, credited with such words: “The owners of the kings, which belong to riches and treasures, eagerly glancing at each other, through their insatiable desire. 1 if they act that way, without fatigue, going with the flow of the unreliability, driven by lust and bestial desire, then who can walk on land?”

Buddhism erects in the absolute approval, which is the main feature of the sensual life in all its forms makes the suffering of the essence of being. Any life, always existence in any form is definitely’s definitely suffering, hacking. This is what Buddhism differs from other religions.

Indeed, in all religions, as a rule, the earthly world, the world of sensual violated, as opposed to the heavenly world he is exalted, approved as a true nambucca. Hence the logical conclusion, stay in the earthly world should be used for preparation for life in the world of heaven. Clear, what “eternal life” given as a reward for postponed during the earthly existence of suffering. With the starting point of his teachings the identity of any existence full of suffering, Buddhism could not assume the possibility of the existence of another. Death, what is suffering, does not eliminate suffering. After it begins a new, the suffering of existence, but the teachings of Brahmanism about rebirth remained unchanged in Buddhism. The conclusion about the necessity of reconciliation with suffering. But Buddhism does not stop there. He points the way to salvation, to overcome suffering. This path is to transcend all human feelings, desires, achieving eternal bliss in merging with the deity and the absolute rest of Nirvana.. The way to salvation formulated in “the third Holy truth”, which proclaims: “What is the Holy truth of deliverance from suffering? This is a complete deprivation of desires, full negation and elimination of their”.

Sensual world in Buddhism is called by the term “samsara”, borrowed Buddhism from Brahmanism. To convince the faithful of India the epoch of formation of Buddhism in the, the world is full of suffering, there was no need. It claimed existing religious and philosophical traditions, it felt ordinary people it is then, when collapsed the age-old social traditions: the tax pressure has squeezed out all the life juices, and at every step the person was expecting the frightening prospect of ruin, impoverishment, slavery. Under these conditions, traditionally-religious critical attitude towards the sensual world found its full completion. If the Brahmins promised the prospect of a joyful happy life to all: so, who was born Raja, a rich merchant, a powerful warlord, if only they adhered to religious rites, bringing sacrifices, Buddhist preachers completely denied the existence of life without evil, without suffering. Demon evil, God of death, Mara tried to frighten “enlightened” horrible horrors. He sent to him their beautiful daughters, to seduce him with the pleasures of life and make him forgo the people the way of salvation. Seven days (other claims, four weeks) reflected Buddha and still overcame indecision. Near Benares (now Sarnath) The Buddha declared to p’s future five disciples his first sermon. In it he summarized the main provisions of the new religion, or, as the Buddhists say, “set in motion the wheel of the Dhar-we”. In the next 40 years, surrounded by disciples, he walked the mountains and the valleys of the Ganges, performing miracles and preaching the doctrine. At first it was called Dharma (it should be understood as the law of life). Then the new religion began to bear the name’I'm the founder of Buddhism.

The Buddha Died, according to the legends, 80-year-old in jackpots Nagar (repeat, that is a real Kaspi). He was lying under a tree in the posture of a lion and turned to the monks and laymen with the following words: “Now, the monks, I have nothing more to say, in addition, everything created is subject to destruction! For salvation do your best!”. Death the Buddha's followers called a big achievement of Nirvana. According to the Canon, Buddha died the day of the may full moon. This date honors, as the date of birth and insights, therefore, it is called “three times Holy day”. Draws attention to the moral-practical orientation of Buddhism, that calls for departure from this world, indifference to life. The ideal of elimination from the world leads the adherents of this religion to denial about the need to improve it. But it is important to emphasize, some Buddhists followers are not left out critical issues of our time and participate in the political life of their countries.

Zen Buddhism a form of Buddhism. Over the last three decades has become the subject of extensive interest in the United States and Western Europe. The founder is considered to be an Indian monk of the Baud-Dharma, it arrived in 520 g. in China and founded a special esoterico, that is intended only for a narrow range, school of Buddhism, called CH'an Buddhism. “Chan” (Japanese Zen) is a modification of the term, it is conveyed in Japanese and Chinese languages Sanskrit word “DH’Jan” — contemplation. The tradition of the stand’connects its origin with the legend of the, once the Buddha is preaching bagatelle silently held up the flowers given to Him. All were confused, and only the elder of Mahakal’Yana with a quiet smile looked at his teacher, realizing the eloquence of his silent instructions. Seeing this, The Buddha said solemnly, he has the most precious treasure, spiritual and transcendental, he passes Mahakal’Joanna. This case, that allegedly reveals the hidden essence of the spirit of the Buddha, included, according to tradition, the basis of the teachings of Zen. Indian in origin the teachings of Zen emerged in China in the VI.. on the basis of Buddhism, Mahakal’Slavic interpretation, that includes some ideas of Taoism, and moral teachings of Confucianism. Zen Buddhism had a significant influence on the ideology and culture of medieval Japan. In the hands of the ruling elite it has become a simple and reliable way to formation of civil servants and military bases military-the ethical order — devotion and discipline, fortitude and fearlessness in the face of death. Zen focuses on the element of surprise progolosuyu. The impetus could be impressed, experiences, shocks, as well as a special training technique, intended, to awaken the intuition.

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