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Philosophical views of Ukrainian writers and cultural figures

Majestic figure in Ukrainian literature, what impact on the culture and worldview, - this T. Shevchenko (1814 — 1861), which appealed to their thoughts and creativity to the pam’monuments of national history. Referring to this phenomenon, the poet wrote in justification of the structure of the album “Picturesque Ukraine”: “Within my homeland… remained still many traces of ancient upheaval, once befell this land in a constant fight for the faith and independence to predatory neighbours chuzherodnym…, to pam’s memory alive many folk poetic translations, testifying to the noble deeds of ancestors”.

T. Shevchenko, like no other, accurately and convincingly presented the idea of unification of Ukraine, unity of all its lands against the historical background of sorrow, development’unites various parts of the once unified territory, scattering them in different States.

 The ideas of Shevchenko is to provide such:

♦ The idea of a deep relationship with nature: in the poet of man and nature live in a United breath and unified feelings; man is rooted in nature, and nature, in turn, is not dead, Catholic.

♦ The idea of the people as the sole sovereign of its history and its life fate: no one can decide his fate, he is the only life-giving force of history.

♦ The idea of faith in a just God; sometimes it seems, Shevchenko then an atheist, the heretic, however, in his work the distinction is clearly that God, his draw in churches and they’Yam which is being abused, and God, as the guarantor of ultimate justice.

♦ The idea of violent people's revolution; she sometimes gets up the basis for the prosecution of the poet in the glorification of violence; however, it should be said, this idea was very common in the XIX century; here Shevchenko was neither an innovator, no original; if we put the question, is it acceptable that idea now, the answer, of course, will be negative.

♦ In the works of Shevchenko quite clearly held the idea of an important role in public life and the history of the progress of knowledge, science, education.

♦ Finally, through all the work of Shevchenko is a kind of cult of woman-mother: for the poet it appears the personification and power of life, and its magical beauty.

Ivan Franko (1856 - 1916) - a unique figure in Russian culture. An outstanding poet, writer, public figure, publicist, he was also a talented scientist, doctor of philosophy.

Franco at the dawn of the Communist movement managed razglyadet in it symptoms of possible social upheaval. The thinker's genius foresaw the totalitarian nature of the Communist movement: in his opinion, “the program of state socialism “, with all its possible variants, “all too often smells of state despotism and unformat, that really made in my life it would happen a major obstacle in the development or a source of new revolutions “. I. Franco - a man of encyclopedic knowledge, exceptional ability to work, endowed with a fine intuition of the scientist. He left a vast epistolary legacy, has had a powerful influence on the national consciousness of Ukrainians. He belongs to the cohort of those figures, through the work which the nation makes an attempt to understand themselves and to reveal their essence.

Franco was a supporter

• inductive method in cognition and rejected the dialectical method;

• critical of the Marxist doctrine of the materialist understanding of history; people, human community creates the story and decides your fate;

• considered the development of the individual condition of living of the people;

• put in the center of his reflections the man and saw it as a tremendous variety of possible manifestations;

• in the progress of science and technology has provided a leading factor of future historical developments, including. industrial and social;

• religion is generally seen moral support of humanity, no samnite and timelessness, and peace day;

• the creative process (or in art, or in scientific fields) can and should be the subject of scientific research;

• “state socialism ” considered a big brake historical progress.

 

Lesja Ukrainka (1871 - 1913) belonged to the famous in Ukraine an educated family. Niece M. Drahomanov, the daughter of the writer In. Pchilka, she was friends with. Frank, M. Pavlik, M. Lysenko and other leading figures of Russian culture. Under their influence, and by assiduous self-education has formed her worldview. The future poet was interested in philosophy, especially its latest trends, among them - and positivism. Under his influence she SMEs in the credibility of science, the human mind, rational understanding of reality: first of all - social.

In the works of L. Ukrainka national perspective organically stand ‘related to human. This is one of the fundamental principles of her work, noted at the time, still N. Hrushevsky: “Deeply national in its basis, everything in SV’is inextricably linked with the life of its people, with experience of our person in the present day, this creative ways-the arts translated them into the soil of eternal human competition “. 

Lesja Ukrainka

• awareness of contradictions and immense complexity of the human relationship to the world

• the problem person outlined as the problem of choosing one of several possible variants of the life of action

• condemned pessimistic-Benalu mood

thought, that man only then living a real life, when listening to the voice of your heart, remains loyal to his believed, science and art intelligentsia capable and Zobov ‘associated “Shine through the path in the future “

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